On the contrary, both have implemented numerous reforms in order to bring them closer to the alliance, and have achieved the status of NATO Enhanced Opportunities Partners. This step will become a "strong signal for Russia", in particular, that Ukraine has chosen the transatlantic direction for itself, is appreciated and has support in the NATO countries. Gerald B. H. Solomon, Center for Strategic and International Studies. Indeed, Ukraine has already made considerable progress along this path since 2014, and the process has recently gained added momentum in many areas. In neuroscientific terms, Russia has always stimulated the limbic emotional system of NATO allies, while Ukraine has appealed to their frontal rational lobes. It would send a clear signal that NATO is committed to defending the values of democracy and freedom, to which the right of nations to choose their own future is fundamental. According to the head of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense, the most convincing and effective mechanism for communicating the position of the international community to Moscow is "accelerating the implementation of the decision of the 2008 NATO Bucharest Summit on our membership in the Alliance. It would involve completing the implementation of NATO standards and continuing with the broader process of Euro-Atlantic reforms. Die Ukraine zieht eine atomare Aufrüstung in Betracht, sollte das osteuropäische Land nicht Mitglied der Nato werden. Next time you hear somebody ask, “Why is Ukraine still not in NATO?”, try to sidestep all the myths and approach the question rationally. Europe or Russia? Danach verpflichtet sich die Ukraine auf Beschluss des Nordatlantikrates an militärischen Operationen der Combined Joint Task Force CJTF teilzunehmen, die entweder mit Mandat des UN-Sicherheitsrates durchgeführt werden … However, there is also an emotional side to consider. But there is every reason to worry ... Ukraine has been trying to join NATO for 15 years by obtaining an Membership Action Plan. I welcome the renewed focus on Ukraine’s NATO aspirations following President Zelenskyy’s recent comments. by Furthermore, the success of Ukraine and Georgia would demonstrate to others that freedom and democracy are worth fighting for. [64] Following parliamentary elections in October 2014, the new government made joining NATO a priority. Subscribe for the latest from UkraineAlert. It involves delegates from NATO member states, as well as partner states, including Ukraine. Ukraine has been successfully countering Russian aggression for almost seven years now, protecting not only itself but a wider region between the Baltic and Black Seas. Everything else is an issue of political will of those allies who represent NATO. The opposition have called for a national referendum to be held on any steps towards further involvement with NATO. [88], Following in the footsteps of his Lithuanian counterpart, Latvian Foreign Minister Edgars Rinkēvičs said that NATO should provide Ukraine with a membership action plan:[89]. [17][18][19][20] Some 69% of Ukrainians want to join NATO, according to a June 2017 poll by the Democratic Initiatives Foundation, compared to 28% support in 2012 when Yanukovich was in power. This somewhat primitive yet entirely characteristic deception has allowed Moscow to promote the myth of a duplicitous and expansionist NATO. Where citizens want to go? The alliance also supported both countries’ applications for Membership Action Plans (MAPs) and agreed this would be the next step towards eventual membership. [134], During a NATO conference in Hungarian parliament on 20 November 2008, Deputy Assistant Secretary-General Aurelia Bouchez said: "We should not make a choice between NATO enlargement and Russia as we need both"[135][136] and NATO's Secretary General, Jaap de Hoop Scheffer told a conference in Spain twelve days later: "The emergence of independent states within the former Soviet space is a reality. For her part, the Spanish Foreign Minister, despite the fact that Ukraine is not a member of the Alliance, said that the Allies' relations with it are already "fruitful, useful and are a symbol of NATO's vision of a peaceful neighborhood." Mit NATO-Osterweiterung wird der Beitritt von Staaten des ehemaligen Warschauer Paktes, darunter auch die ehemaligen sowjetischen Teilrepubliken im Baltikum, und von Nachfolgestaaten des blockfreien Jugoslawiens zur NATO bezeichnet. Since June 2014, polls showed that about 50% of those asked supported Ukrainian NATO membership. Peter Dickinson. [80], On 7 February 2019, the Ukrainian parliament voted with a majority of 334 out of 385 to change the Ukrainian constitution in order to help Ukraine to join NATO and the European Union. Juli 1997 auf dem NATO-Gipfel in Madrid verabschiedeter militärischer Partnerschaftsvertrag zwischen der NATO und der Ukraine. ", Yanukovych describes current level of Ukraine's cooperation with NATO as sufficient, Ukraine's Yanukovych: EU ties a 'key priority', Ukraine vows new page in ties with Russia, NATO considers Ukraine's behavior 'unprecedented', NATO: Euro-Atlantic prospects a sovereign right of Ukraine, Havrysh: Ukraine-NATO cooperation not excluding strategic partnership between Moscow, Kyiv, Yanukovych: Ukraine currently not ready to join NATO, Ukraine's parliament votes to abandon Nato ambitions, Cabinet approves action plan for annual national program of cooperation with NATO in 2010, Ukraine, NATO to hold security exercises during Euro 2012, Yanukovych signs decree on Ukraine-NATO annual cooperation programs, "Ukraine Joins NATO's Counter-Piracy Operation", Maidan nominates Yatsenyuk for prime minister, Ukrainian parliament endorses new cabinet, "NATO commander plays down tension with Russia over Ukraine", "Ukraine crisis: PM Yatsenyuk to seek Nato membership", "Ukraine hopes for US assistance in granting Ukraine major non-NATO ally status", "Ukraine to initiate cancellation of Ukraine's non-bloc status, seek NATO membership", Ukraine Ends ‘Nonaligned’ Status, Earning Quick Rebuke From Russia, Spotlight: Scrapping non-aligned status paves Ukraine's way to NATO, fuels Russia's wrath, "Ukraine talks set to open without pro-Russian separatists", "Poroshenko wins presidential election with 54.7% of vote – CEC", "New Ukrainian president will be elected for 5-year term – Constitutional Court", http://www.euronews.com/2014/12/30/new-year-new-hope-as-ukraine-paves-way-for-nato-membership/, http://ukraineunderattack.org/en/poroshenko-approved-plan-for-multinational-exercises-involving-armed-forces-units-in-2015.html, Fearless Guardian ground convoy arrives in Ukraine, Juncker Says Ukraine Not Likely To Join EU, NATO For 20-25 Years, "Rada restores Ukraine's course for NATO membership as foreign policy priority", "Pledging reforms by 2020, Ukraine seeks route into NATO", "President Poroshenko Seeks European "Patronage" in Donbass Region", "Ukraine pushes ahead with plans to secure NATO membership", "Ukraine's parliament backs changes to Constitution confirming Ukraine's path toward EU, NATO", "We are going our way and this is the way to Ukraine's membership in the EU and NATO - President", NATO Grants Ukraine 'Enhanced Opportunities Partner' Status, "Zelenskyi said in Britain that Ukraine needed a MAP in NATO", https://www.mil.gov.ua/news/2020/12/01/ambiczii-ukraini-otrimati-plan-dij-shhodo-chlenstva-na-samiti-nato-u-2021-roczi-andrij-taran/, Ukraine wants to get a MAP together with Georgia - Shmyhal, Prime Minister and NATO Secretary General discuss further steps towards Ukraine's Euro-Atlantic integration, Lithuania will offer NATO to provide MAP to Ukraine - Gabrielius Landsbergis, Latvian Foreign Minister: it is time to provide Ukraine with an action plan for NATO membership, Statement by the Minister of Defense of Ukraine Andriy Taran Ministry of Defence Ukraine, Joint Declaration of the Ninth Meeting of the High-Level Strategic Council between Ukraine and the Republic of Turkey, NATO-Ukraine relations In the public focus, ELECTION BRIEFING NO. [45], Candidate during the 2010 presidential election and Party of Regions leader Viktor Yanukovych stated during 2010 presidential election-campaign that the current level of Ukraine's cooperation with NATO was sufficient and that the question of the country's accession to the alliance was therefore not urgent. In the final analysis, the only reasonable response is that Ukraine should indeed be granted a MAP and will eventually join the alliance. [25] On July 9, 1997, a NATO-Ukraine Commission was established. [120][121], A Gallup poll conducted in October 2008 showed that 43% of Ukrainians associated NATO as a threat to their country, while only 15% associated it with protection. This step would prove that the alliance upholds its own commitments made in Bucharest in 2008. Russia does not fear a common border with NATO, but it fears a common border with democracy—the real threat to its authoritarian and kleptocratic regime. It would bring new dividing lines. "[127], In February 2017, President Poroshenko announced that a referendum would be held during his presidency, with polls showing that 54% of Ukrainians favor such a move. But he stressed Ukraine's special partnership with Nato … The elephant in the room has always been Russia. We believe it is time for additional steps in this direction. A combination of myths and fears immediately activates whenever the words “Ukraine” and “NATO” appear in the same sentence. Für die deutschen Interessen ist diese Entwicklung alarmierend. The myth of a besieged Russia gallantly defending itself against expansionist NATO forms a central part of the broader argument that the Western world should seek to avoid “provoking” Russia. [23] On May 7, 1997 the first-ever official NATO Information and Documentation Center opened in Kyiv, aimed to foster transparency about the alliance. In early 1990, nobody would have considered the possibility of any Warsaw Pact countries even theoretically aspiring to NATO membership. In February 2008 57.8% of Ukrainians supported the idea of a national referendum on joining NATO, against 38.6% in February 2007. The Eurasia Center’s mission is to enhance transatlantic cooperation in promoting stability, democratic values and prosperity in Eurasia, from Eastern Europe and Turkey in the West to the Caucasus, Russia and Central Asia in the East. [63] As part of these efforts, and to rule out future Ukrainian membership in the Eurasian Economic Union and other Russian-led supranational entities, Yatseniuk also submitted a draft law to repeal Ukraine's non-bloc status previously instituted by Yanukovych. It is not clear at this time what this is: a show of force or real aggression. Growing trust between the special services of Ukraine and NATO member states, along with increasing interoperability between armed forces, is vital. The Ukrainian parliament headed by Arsenii Yatseniuk was unable to hold its regular parliamentary session following the decision of the Parliamentary Opposition to prevent the parliament from functioning in a protest against joining NATO. It was added to the list of such countries on NATO’s website on 10 March 2018. In recent years, Russia has combined military operations with disinformation campaigns that are designed to justify its aggressive actions. Archive documents prove that no such pledge was ever made. As Ukraine’s Defense Minister Andriy Taran noted, the "one for all and all for one" principle of Article 5 of the Washington Treaty is a special motivation for Ukraine to seek NATO membership in the context of ongoing Russian aggression and its escalation. [129][130] On February 12, 2008, (then) Russian President Vladimir Putin said Russia may target its missiles at Ukraine if its neighbour joins NATO and accepts the deployment of a US missile defence shield. Ukraine's president wants to speed up the country's path to NATO membership to send a "real signal to Russia". In particular, last month the Ukrainian parliament passed a first reading of the long-awaited reform of the Ukrainian Security Service in accordance with NATO recommendations. The latest example was my participation, along with my Georgian counterpart David Zalkaliani, in NATO’s recent closed ministerial meeting on security in the Black Sea. At the same time, the “Rapid Trident 2020” exercise was held in the Lviv region. [66] On 29 December 2014, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko (elected president on 25 May 2014)[67][68][69][70][71][72] vowed to hold a referendum on joining NATO. This will be at least a signal from us [NATO] that Ukrainians will not be left without support. [7], NATO officials vowed support for Ukraine and worked to downplay tensions between the bloc and Russia, which refused to recognize the impeachment of Yanukovych or the Yatseniuk Government. [37], In November 2008, Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel, Prime-Minister Yulia Tymoshenko and former Ukrainian minister of defence Anatolii Hrytsenko doubted Ukraine would be granted membership of MAP in December 2008. UkraineAlert 2021 18:32 Uhr Eine Stationierung von US-Truppen in der Ukraine würde die Spannungen an der russischen Grenze weiter eskalieren lassen und Moskau somit zusätzlich zum Handeln zwingen, so Kremlsprecher Dmitri Peskow. Es ist kaum anzunehmen, dass Washington viel Rücksicht auf Bedenken gegen diesen Beitritt aus Berlin nehmen wird. [28] In January 2008 the second Yulia Tymoshenko cabinet's proposal for Ukraine to join NATO's Membership Action Plan was met with opposition. But the viability of such an option is close to zero. Alvydas Medalinskas. [81] After the vote, Ukrainian president Poroshenko declared: "This is the day when the movement of Ukraine to the European Union and the North Atlantic Alliance will be consolidated in the Constitution as a foreign political landmark. This is a challenging to-do list, but all of these stated objectives are absolutely achievable. Die Ukraine ist das einzige Nicht-Mitglied, das an drei von der NATO geführten Militäroperationen (ISAF, KFOR und OAE) teilnimmt und als erster „Partner-Staat“ an einer NATO Response Force beteiligt war. This was the first cooperation between NATO and Ukraine. [21], Relations officially began when Ukraine became the first CIS country to enter NATO's Partnership for Peace program in February 1994. President Zelenskyy’s question generated a lot of debate and ended up reaching a wide audience. by [16] According to a poll by Razumkov Center in March 2011 20.6% on average across Ukraine considered NATO a threat; this number was 51% in Crimea. Ukraine’s economic orientation toward Europe and membership in NATO was supposed to follow. [55] "European integration" is still part of Ukraine's national security strategy. Meanwhile, Russia is conveniently cast in the role of victim, forced to protect itself by occupying the lands of its neighbors. The views expressed in UkraineAlert are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Atlantic Council, its staff, or its supporters. Denn wenn die USA tatsächlich den Beitritt der Ukraine zur Nato betreiben sollten, wächst die Kriegsgefahr in Europa beträchtlich. [44], At the NATO-Ukraine consultations at the level of Defense Ministers held at the NATO headquarters in Brussels in November 2009, NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen praised Ukraine's first Annual National Program, which outlined the steps it intended to take to accelerate internal reform and alignment with Euro-Atlantic standards, as an important step on Ukraine's path to becoming a member of the Alliance. The topic has come to a head in recent days, with NATO and G7 members raising concerns about growing Russian military movements along the eastern Ukraine border and into Crimea, which Moscow annexed from Ukraine in 2014. Do we have to choose between good relations with Russia and further enlargement? [58][59] The Yatseniuk Government initially stated it did not have the intention of making Ukraine a member of NATO. This is important, but it seems high time for all NATO members to take the long-awaited step forward and grant MAPs to both Ukraine and Georgia. "NATO is the only way to end the war in Donbass," Zelensky has said. [4][5] Amid the Euromaidan unrest, Yanukovych fled Ukraine in February 2014. [119][98][120], Eastern Ukraine is far more anti-NATO and pro-Russia than the rest of Ukraine. [74] Among them were Operation Fearless Guardian (total 2,200 participants, including 1,000 U.S. military). [32] US President George W. Bush and both nominees for President of the United States in the 2008 election, U.S. senator Barack Obama and U.S. senator John McCain, did offer backing to Ukraine's membership of NATO. Apparently, it is time to provide this Plan to Ukraine. That is the rational side to answering President Zelenskyy’s question. It is worth emphasizing that Ukraine has also recently speeded up its own domestic Euro-Atlantic reforms. [2][3] Plans for NATO membership were shelved by Ukraine following the 2010 presidential election in which Viktor Yanukovych, who preferred to keep the country non-aligned, was elected President. Ukraine’s NATO membership is a clear red line not just for the Kremlin, but for Russian society as a whole. Today, we carry out security sector reform in Ukraine to reach NATO standards and to strengthen the country's defense system, which is necessary to counter Russian aggression. Today’s Ukraine is not only a security recipient, but a security donor in its region. When the current situation is viewed from this long-term perspective, it is only natural that so many Ukrainian journalists ask me why NATO has not yet given Ukraine a MAP. Ukraine, which is seeking NATO membership, reported Russian forces have moved near its border shared with Crimea which Russia annexed in 2014 and is concerned over future conflict. All rights reserved. Petition text (A.S.Baturyn)", "Electronic petitions to the president of Ukraine. [57], Yanukovych fled Ukraine amid the Euromaidan uprising in February 2014. [52], On 27 May 2010, Yanukovych stated that he considered Ukraine's relations with NATO as a partnership, "And Ukraine can't live without this [partnership], because Ukraine is a large country". During an early February press conference at NATO HQ with Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal, Secretary General Stoltenberg noted that “NATO’s door remains open.” He recalled that back in 2008, the alliance made a decision on Ukraine’s membership, and underlined that NATO continues to stand by that decision. Whom will Ukraine Choose? nation declaring aspirations to become full-fledged members of NATO. First, NATO possesses almost no ability to defend Ukraine. 'Joining NATO referendum' (replied). - A national survey, The majority of Ukrainians oppose NATO membership - poll, Most Ukrainian happy to deal with the EU, but are not ready for NATO membership - poll, "1 +1" researched Ukrainian sentiment towards the EU, NATO, Russia, and Ukraine's new government, "1 + 1" explored the Ukrainian sentiment towards the EU, NATO, Russia and the new government of Ukraine, Ukrainians supporting NATO membership in minority - poll, Результати соціологічного дослідження «Зовнішньополітичні орієнтації громадян України», The attitude of citizens to join NATO and other security, Analyst: "Spend less than 2% of GDP on" defense "we can afford only if join NATO", Sociologists have recorded the highest level of support for the idea of Ukraine's membership in NATO, Over 60% of Ukrainians want accession to EU, Because of Russia almost half of all Ukrainians want to join NATO, Україна після революції: українці хочуть у Європу та НАТО і вимагають повної люстрації влади, Almost half of the Ukrainian wants to join NATO - poll, About half of Ukrainian for accession to the EU and NATO - poll, NATO publics blame Russia for Ukrainian Crisis, but reluctant to provide military aid. Instead, the only discussions on NATO enlargement referred specifically to East Germany.
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